Table 7 Results of propensity score estimation for distance to next gym and distance to nearest sports ground: country sample
From: The closer the sportier? Children’s sports activity and their distance to sports facilities
Gym | Sports ground | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient | p value % | Coefficient | p value % | ||
Constant | −0.75 | 19.5 | −1.69 | 0.7 | |
Gender (1 = male, 0 = female) | 0.05 | 36.1 | −0.03 | 65.8 | |
Age in years | 3 | −0.02 | 81.5 | −0.23 | 5.4 |
4 | 0.02 | 87.3 | −0.11 | 36.8 | |
5 | 0.06 | 54.9 | −0.09 | 44.5 | |
6 (reference) | |||||
7 | −0.04 | 67.7 | −0.14 | 25.3 | |
8 | 0.03 | 76.6 | −0.07 | 55.7 | |
9 | −0.06 | 59.8 | −0.19 | 11.3 | |
10 | −0.03 | 75.3 | −0.22 | 7.3 | |
German background | −0.48 | 0.1 | −0.66 | 0.1 | |
Mother’s education | Basic | 0.00 | 98.4 | 0.07 | 45.1 |
Intermediate (reference) | |||||
High school | −0.16 | 7.7 | 0.08 | 42.8 | |
University | 0.05 | 61.5 | −0.10 | 37.3 | |
Father’s education | Basic | −0.16 | 3.5 | −0.20 | 1.7 |
Intermediate (reference) | |||||
High school | 0.04 | 69.4 | −0.15 | 19.4 | |
University | 0.11 | 34.3 | −0.19 | 12.0 | |
Mother’s BMI | Underweight or Normal (reference) | ||||
Overweight | 0.02 | 74.0 | 0.07 | 34.9 | |
Obese | 0.00 | 98.2 | 0.01 | 95.5 | |
East Germany × social class | Low | −0.12 | 20.4 | −0.21 | 4.3 |
Medium (reference) | |||||
High | −0.08 | 52.1 | −0.01 | 92.6 | |
West Germany × social class | Low | −0.10 | 33.2 | −0.15 | 18.0 |
Medium (reference) | |||||
High | 0.04 | 75.3 | 0.20 | 17.7 | |
Single parent household | 0.29 | 0.5 | 0.22 | 6.0 | |
Smoking during pregnancy: never | −0.06 | 43.5 | 0.02 | 84.8 | |
East Germany | −0.40 | 53.5 | 2.10 | 0.4 | |
Municipality size | Village | −0.78 | 0.0 | −0.26 | 4.2 |
Small towns (reference) | |||||
East Germany × population density | (=Low) | −0.33 | 1.5 | −0.25 | 11.8 |
(=Medium or High) (reference) | |||||
West Germany × (population density = low) | 0.12 | 30.7 | 0.24 | 8.0 | |
(=Medium or high) (reference) | |||||
East Germany × recreation area | (=Low) | −0.71 | 0.0 | 0.38 | 0.5 |
(=Medium) (reference) | |||||
(=High) | −0.10 | 44.0 | 0.35 | 0.3 | |
West Germany × recreation area | (=Low) | 0.51 | 0.0 | 0.23 | 4.6 |
(=Medium) (reference) | |||||
(=High) | 0.32 | 0.1 | 0.04 | 69.5 | |
East Germany × tax income | (=Low) | 0.76 | 0.0 | 0.76 | 0.0 |
(=Medium) (reference) | |||||
(=High) | −0.64 | 0.0 | 0.04 | 75.8 | |
West Germany × tax income | (=Low) | −0.26 | 0.4 | −0.01 | 88.7 |
(=Medium) (reference) | |||||
(=High) | −0.18 | 12.2 | −0.35 | 0.5 | |
East Germany × population share below 18 years | (=Low) | 0.38 | 0.0 | 0.02 | 82.4 |
(=Medium) (reference) | |||||
(=High) | −0.04 | 68.5 | −0.18 | 9.6 | |
West Germany × population share below 18 years | (=Low) | −0.25 | 2.9 | 0.22 | 9.0 |
(=Medium) (reference) | |||||
(=High) | 0.43 | 0.0 | 0.31 | 0.1 | |
East Germany × log (population density) | 0.58 | 0.0 | 0.26 | 0.6 | |
West Germany × log (population density) | 0.57 | 0.0 | 0.78 | 0.0 | |