Table 4 Training effects on single task (ST) and dual task (DT) performance
From: Training effects on motor–cognitive dual-task performance in older adults
First Author | Type of intervention | Effects on ST motor performance while standing | Effects on ST cognitive performance | Effects on DT performance while standing | Effects on ST motor performance while walking | Effects on ST cognitive performance | Effects on DT performance while walking |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bisson [9] | GST | ↑ | n.a. | MP: – | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
CP: ↑ | |||||||
Hall [23] | GST | CG+EG: ↑ | n.a. | MP: CG ↑, | CG+EG: obstacle course ↑ | n.a. | MP: CG ↑, |
EG – | EG – | ||||||
CP: n.a. | CP: n.a. | ||||||
Hiyamazu [29] | GST | – | – | MP: – | n-a | n.a. | n.a. |
CP:– | . | ||||||
Lajoie [35] | GST | ↑ | n.a. | MP: – | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
CP: EG reaction time ↓, | |||||||
Silsupadol [66] | GST | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | ↑ | – | MP ↑ |
CP: – | |||||||
Silsupadol [67] | GST | ↑ | n.a. | MP: – | ↑ | n.a. | MP ↑ |
CP: – | CP: – | ||||||
You [104] | SST | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | MP:↑ |
CP: – | |||||||
Bisson [9] | GDT | ↑ | n.a. | MP: – | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
CP: ↑ | |||||||
Heiden and Lajoie [35] | GDT | ↑ | n.a. | MP: – | EG: ↑ | n.a. | n.a. |
(CB&M) | CP: ↑ | ||||||
Hiyamazu [29] | GDT | – | ↑ | MP: – | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
CP: ↑ | |||||||
Silsupadol [66] | GDT | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | ↑ | ↑ | MP ↑ (DT both groups) |
CP: ↑ (VP Group) | |||||||
Silsupadol [67] | GDT | ↑ | n.a. | n.a. | ↑ | ↑ | MP ↑ (DT both groups) |
CP: ↑ (VP Group) | |||||||
Trombetti [80] | GDT | ↑ | n.a. | n.a. | ↑ | n.a. | MP: ↑ |
CP: n.a. | |||||||
Toulotte [79] | GDT | F+NF: ↑ | n.a. | MP: ↑ (both groups) | F+NF:↑ | n.a. | MP: ↑ (both groups) |
CP: n.a. | CP: n.a. | ||||||
Westlake [93] | GDT | ↑ | n.a. | MP: EG : ↑ | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
Dault [16] | SDT | n.a. | n.a. | MP: – | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
CP: ↑ | |||||||
Doumas [18] | SDT | Y+O: ↑ | n.a. | MP: ↑ (both groups) | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
CP: n.a | |||||||
DTC: ↓ | |||||||
You [104] | SDT | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | MP: – |
CP: ↑ |