Physical consequences of falls in the elderly: a literature review from 1995 to 2010

Table 1 Identification of references for pathologies of ageing that may cause falls

	N (%)^a	References
Neurological diseases
Stroke	13.7	[13, 21, 33, 40, 44, 45, 53, 57, 63, 75, 81, 86]
Dementia	10.3	[17, 21, 33, 40, 45, 53, 60, 63, 86]
Vestibular disorders/balance	10.3	[22, 33, 40, 53, 54, 63, 64, 68, 87]
Parkinson	9.1	[6, 33, 40, 45, 53, 63, 64, 69]
Multiple sclerosis	1.1	[62]
Musculoskeletal diseases
Osteoporosis	16.0	[4, 5, 14, 17, 24, 25, 30, 37, 40, 43, 56, 62, 63, 71]
Loss of muscle density	9.1	[14, 23, 25, 33, 40, 63, 81, 83]
Arthritis	6.8	[21, 45, 53, 63, 64, 86]
Problems in the lower extremities	3.4	[33, 45, 53]
Deformities in the joints	2.2	[33, 53]
Cardiovascular diseases
Orthostatic hypotension	6.8	[33, 40, 53, 56, 63, 86]
Arrhythmias	3.4	[22, 45, 53]
Syncope	3.4	[53, 57, 58]
Others	8.0	[9, 13, 22, 33, 45, 53, 64]
Other pathologies
Diabetes	4.5	[21, 53, 63, 86]
Depression	4.5	[53, 63, 64, 86]
Pneumonia and bone infections	2.2	[14, 53]
Sleep disorders	1.1	[53]