Table 2 Methodological quality of the 12 studies reviewed
From: Effectiveness of water-based exercise in people living with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review
Reference | Study design | Randomization | Follow-up | Matching procedure | Simple/double blind | Dropouts analysis | Measuring instruments | Co-interventions | Patient characteristics | Dose of therapy | Statistics | Total score | Limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reuter et al. [29] | Quasi-experimental | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | NA | 1 | 2 | 10 | No control group, study not randomized. |
Pellecchia et al. [25] | Quasi-experimental | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | NA | 1 | 2 | 9 | No control group, study not randomized, adherence to the program is not mentioned. |
Pospíšil et al. [27] | Quasi-experimental | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | NR | 0 | NR | NA | 1 | 2 | 6 | Very small sample size, no control group, study not randomized, adherence to the program is not mentioned |
Crizzle and Newhouse [6] | Quasi-experimental | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | NR | NA | 1 | 0 | 5 | Very small sample size, no control group, study not randomized, no reference to how long the patients have been suffering from PD. |
Therrien et al. [34] | Quasi-experimental | 0 | 0 | NR | 1 | NR | 0 | NR | NA | NR | 1 | 2 | Sample size is not indicated, no control group, study not randomized, adherence to the program is not mentioned, the state of the patients and pathology length are not identified, no mention to the mean age of the patients, nor to the frequency or timing of the intervention |
Sage, Johnston and Almeida [31] | Quasi-experimental | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 11 | Study not randomized, no women were included in Aquatic exercise, no adherence to the program, state of the patients not identified |
Ayán and Cancela [2] | Quasi-experimental | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | NA | 1 | 2 | 10 | No control group, study not randomized. |
Ayán and Cancela [1] | Quasi-experimental | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 12 | Small sample, study not randomized. |
Kargarfard et al. [20] | Quasi-experimental | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | NR | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 10 | Small sample size, study not randomized, no man was included in the study, adherence to the program is not mentioned, state of the patients is not identified, no mention to how long patients have been suffering from PD |
Kawasaki [21] | Experimental | 1 | 0 | NR | 1 | NR | 0 | 0 | NR | 1 | 1 | 4 | No adherence to the program, pathology length, state and mean age of the patients are not identified |
Vivas et al. [38] | Experimental | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 13 | Very small sample size, adherence to the program is not mentioned, study not randomized |
Jung et al. [18] | Experimental | 1 | 0 | NR | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | NR | 1 | 2 | 7 | Study not randomized, adherence to the program is not mentioned, age and state of the patients are not identified, no reference to how long the patients have been suffering from PD, intervention program is not described |