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Table 2 Means and 95 % CI for three intervention groups (analytic sample N = 221)

From: Impact of a randomized possible selves experiment on new retirees’ physical activity and identity

Outcome measure

Control n = 76 (mean and 95 % CI)

One-time n = 78 (mean and 95 % CI)

Repeated n = 67 (mean and 95 % CI)

Repeated measures model

PA Identity

 Baseline

3.82 (3.51–4.13)

3.68 (3.40–3.97)

3.69 (3.37–4.00)

↑ over time in all groups

 4 weeks

3.95 (3.66–4.25)

4.01 (3.74–4.29)

4.13 (3.83–4.43)

Time (T): p <.01

 8 weeks

3.96 (3.63–4.28)

4.01 (3.70–4.32)

3.89 (3.55–4.23)

Group (G): p = 0.97

 12 weeks

4.32 (3.99–4.64)

4.16 (3.85–4.47)

4.20 (3.86–4.53)

T x G: p = 0.39

PA (bouts)

 Baseline

2.41 (1.73–3.37)

3.31 (2.46–4.44)

2.87 (2.07–3.99)

↑ over time in all groups

 4 weeks

3.48 (2.56–4.72)

4.87 (3.68–6.45)

4.23 (3.12–5.74)

Time (T): p <.01

 8 weeks

3.61 (2.64–4.94)

4.53 (3.36–6.12)

3.67 (2.62–5.13)

Group (G): p = 0.34

 12 weeks

3.86 (2.79–5.34)

4.29 (3.15–5.83)

3.87 (2.77–5.41)

T x G: p = 0.97

  1. PA physical activity; PA identity scores vary between 1 and 7. Covariates included: Consideration for future consequences (CFC) and imaging ability. For both PA identity and PA, CFC was significant (p <.01, p = 0.04, respectively)