Table 5 Means ± standard deviation (SD), differences with the 95% confidence intervals (CI) and eta squared (η2) of heart rate, lactate, VO2, and energy consumption during the outdoor lactate step test before (T1) and after (T2) the 12 weeks of Nordic Walking (NW) or XCO Walking (XCO) training
Before (T1), means (SD) | After (T2), means (SD) | Difference (95% CI) | η2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Heart rate [beats/min] | 0.03 | |||
NW | ||||
1.0 m/s | 105.3 ± 18.1 | 92.8 ± 12.1 | −12.5 (−27.0–2.0) | |
1.2 m/s | 110.7 ± 11.2 | 96.2 ± 11.7 | −14.5 (−30.2–1.2) | |
1.4 m/s | 117.9 ± 9.1 | 106.1 ± 10.2 | −11.8 (−26.2–2.5) | |
1.6 m/s | 136.4 ± 9.2 | 123.8 ± 12.8 | −12.6 (−22.5 – −2.7) | |
1.8 m/s | 148.0 ± 9.6 | 133.9 ± 12.3 | −14.7 (−19.3–4.2) | |
XCO | ||||
1.0 m/s | 98.6 ± 9.1 | 93.6 ± 9.3 | −5.0 (−12.5–2.5) | |
1.2 m/s | 101.0 ± 21.3 | 96.8 ± 9.1 | −4.2 (−14.7–6.4) | |
1.4 m/s | 108.8 ± 22.1 | 105.1 ± 10.7 | −3.7 (−18.0–10.4) | |
1.6 m/s | 121.0 ± 16.3 | 117.6 ± 14.5 | −3.5 (−12.4–5.5) | |
1.8 m/s | 139.9 ± 23.8 | 130.7 ± 22.4 | −3.7 (−13.3–5.9) | |
lactate [mmol/l] | 0.07 | |||
NW | ||||
1.0 m/s | 1.93 ± 0.55 | 1.02 ± 0.40 | −0.50 (−0.73 – −0.27) | |
1.2 m/s | 1.85 ± 0.36 | 0.97 ± 0.40 | −0.61 (−0.84 – −0.39) | |
1.4 m/s | 1.99 ± 0.34 | 1.15 ± 0.50 | −0.94 (−1.39 – −0.49) | |
1.6 m/s | 2.43 ± 0.52 | 1.97 ± 1.10 | −1.17 (−1.89 – −0.44) | |
1.8 m/s | 4.21 ± 1.28 | 3.36 ± 2.03 | −0.68 (−2.70 – −0.12) | |
XCO | ||||
1.0 m/s | 1.60 ± 0.42 | 1.02 ± 0.32 | −0.58 (−0.89 – −0.27) | |
1.2 m/s | 1.57 ± 0.25 | 0.94 ± 0.26 | −0.62 (−0.78 – −0.45) | |
1.4 m/s | 1.85 ± 0.36 | 0.99 ± 0.30 | −0.86 (−1.10 – −0.60) | |
1.6 m/s | 2.36 ± 0.63 | 1.33 ± 0.46 | −1.03 (−1.45 – −0.61) | |
1.8 m/s | 3.59 ± 1.72 | 2.41 ± 1.28 | −1.01 (−2.60–0.50) | |
VO2 [ml/min] | 0.02 | |||
NW | ||||
1.0 m/s | 11.0 ± 3.6 | 9.4 ± 2.5 | −1.8 (−4.7–1.0) | |
1.2 m/s | 12.3 ± 2.9 | 11.8 ± 2.5 | −2.3 (−6.0–1.3) | |
1.4 m/s | 14.0 ± 3.5 | 12.3 ± 2.6 | −2.8 (−5.2 – −0.5) | |
1.6 m/s | 15.9 ± 1.0 | 15.0 ± 2.9 | −1.4 (−4.2–1.4) | |
1.8 m/s | 22.0 ± 5.6 | 17.6 ± 2.8 | −2.0 (−4.7–0.9) | |
XCO | ||||
1.0 m/s | 14.9 ± 4.3 | 9.7 ± 2.6 | −3.8 (−7.2 – −0.4) | |
1.2 m/s | 14.3 ± 3.1 | 10.5 ± 2.6 | −3.3 (−6.4 – −0.2) | |
1.4 m/s | 18.3 ± 2.8 | 11.4 ± 2.9 | −4.9 (−8.8 – −1.0) | |
1.6 m/s | 21.0 ± 4.2 | 12.9 ± 4.3 | −5.3 (−9.7 – −0.8) | |
1.8 m/s | 23.9 ± 3.8 | 17.2 ± 6.5 | −3.9 (−7.8–0.1) | |
Energy consumption [kcal] | 0.02 | |||
NW | ||||
1.0 m/s | 30.0 ± 7.7 | 25.7 ± 11.4 | −4.3 (−11.6–2.9) | |
1.2 m/s | 32.6 ± 6.0 | 28.3 ± 6.8 | 0.1 (−9.4–9.6) | |
1.4 m/s | 36.6 ± 4.1 | 34.7 ± 8.8 | −1.9 (−14.7–10.8) | |
1.6 m/s | 38.7 ± 10.4 | 36.4 ± 11.3 | −4.2 (−23.8–15.5) | |
1.8 m/s | 86.1 ± 40.6 | 52.2 ± 7.4 | −10.0 (−102.3–82.3) | |
XCO | ||||
1.0 m/s | 36.0 ± 8.8 | 28.3 ± 6.9 | −7.7 (−12.3 – −3.2) | |
1.2 m/s | 36.0 ± 9.0 | 27.8 ± 7.5 | −15.9 (−26.7 – −5.2) | |
1.4 m/s | 38.7 ± 8.4 | 29.9 ± 6.8 | −24.7 (−41.2 – −8.2) | |
1.6 m/s | 42.9 ± 7.7 | 34.6 ± 8.4 | −33.0 (−53.5 – −12.5) | |
1.8 m/s | 49.1 ± 16.5 | 39.4 ± 11.5 | −41.1 (−58.3 – −24.0) | |