Table 7 Relationship between changes in cognition and insulin resistance
Citation | Cognition | Insulin resistance measurement | Time since last exercise bout | Relationship | r | p-value | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Watson et al. 2006 [35] | Delayed memory | Two-hour Oral glucose tolerance test insulin level (mmol/L) | 26 weeks | Change in delayed memory and change in two-hour Oral glucose tolerance test insulin level (mmol/L) | −0.52 | 0.047 | Exercise group (Aerobic exercise plus American Heart Association Step 2 Eucaloric Diet only |
Colberg et al. 2008 [36] | Global cognitive function | Homeostatic Model Assessment-insulin resistance Insulin (IU/mL) | Not reported Not reported | Relationship between HOMA-IR and cognitive function Relationship between insulin level and cognitive function | −0.19 −0.18 | 0.02 0.03 | Diabetes exercise group |
Yanagawa et al. 2011 [39] | Delayed memory | Euglycemic Clamp (glucose infusion rate (mL/kg/min) Metabolic clearance rate(mL/kg/min) | 12Â weeks | Change in word recall and change in glucose infusion rate Change in word recall and change in metabolic clearance rate | 0.64 0.575 | 0.024 0.051 | Horseback riding simulation equipment (JOBA) exercise group |