Premorbid physical activity is modestly associated with gait independence after a stroke: an exploratory study

Table 1 Characteristics of the participants

	WA group	NWA group	p - value
All participants (n = 130)	97	33
Age ± SD (years)	69.3 ± 10.1	79.0 ± 7.9	< 0.0001
Sex (male / female)	64 / 33	22 / 11	> 0.9999
Hospital stay length (days)	41.9 ± 45.0	66.3 ± 65.4	0.0188
Stroke type
HS with ventricular perforation	4 (4.1)	6 (18.2)	reference^§
HS without ventricular perforation	20 (20.6)	5 (15.2)	0.0560
IS, lacunar	21 (21.6)	5 (15.2)	0.0483
IS, non-lacunar	52 (53.6)	17 (51.5)	0.0533
Stroke size (mm)	21.4 ± 17.9	21.3 ± 15.7	0.9759
Comorbidities
CVD history	19 (19.6)	18 (54.5)	0.0003
Dementia	9 (9.3)	14 (42.4)	< 0.0001
DM	30 (30.9)	14 (42.4)	0.3209
HT	70 (72.2)	26 (78.8)	0.6041
HLP	26 (26.8)	7 (21.2)	0.6847
Smoking	47 (48.5)	10 (30.3)	0.1070
Cardiac disease	30 (30.9)	17 (51.5)	0.0553
Malignancy *	8 (8.2)	5 (15.2)	0.4202
CI			0.1016
Mode	2	3
Median	2	3
Maximal daily activity (METs)			0.0046
Mode	8	8
Median	8	5

WA walk alone, NWA not walk alone, SD standard deviation, HS hemorrhagic stroke, IS ischemic stroke, CVD cerebrovascular disease, DM diabetes mellitus, HT hypertension, HLP hyperlipidemia, MET metabolic equivalent, CI Comorbidity index (see text), METs metabolic equivalents
t-test: age, size, hospital stay length. Chi-squared test: sex, type of disease, comorbidities. Mann-Whitney U-test: CI, maximal daily activity
§: Comparison was made between HSVP and other stroke types
* Data was missing for a participant in the WA group
Data are shown separately according to gait independence

ISSN: 1861-6909