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Table 4 Relative (ICC) and absolute (SEM, MDC95) reliabilities for recommended assessments

From: Recommendations for assessing motor performance in individuals with dementia: suggestions of an expert panel – a qualitative approach

Recommended assessments

Test-retest reliabilitya

Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Technique - subtest 4 [37]

ICC = .79–.82 [20]

SEM = .55–.60 points [20]

MDC95 = 1.52–1.66 points [20]

Groningen Meander Walking Test [27]

Time

ICC = .93–.96 [27]

SEM = 1.93 s [27]

MDC95 = 5.35 s [27]

Oversteps

ICC = .57–.79 [27]

SEM = 1.58 oversteps [27]

MDC95 = 4.38 oversteps [27]

Berg Balance Scale [40]

N/A

Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment [41]

ICC = .96 [15]

Timed Up & Go Test [47]

ICC = .76–.99 [20,21,22, 24]b

SEM = 1.43–3.03 s [20,21,22]b

MDC95 = 2.42-8.07 s [20,21,22]b

6-m walk test [45]

Time

ICC = .92 [24]

Speed

ICC = .83–.89 [20]

SEM = .09–.11 m/s [20]

MDC95 = .25–.29 m/s [20]

Steps

ICC = .80 [24]

Instrumented gait analysis (GAITRite®, comfortable pace, single task) [46]

Speed

ICC = .95–.98 [21, 25, 29]

SEM = 0.06 m/s [21]

MDC95 = .11–.13 m/s [21, 25]

Step/stride length

ICC = .97–.98 [25, 29]

MDC95 = 4.15–5.27 / 8.12–10.24 cm [25]

Step width

ICC = .92–.95 [25]

MDC95 = 1.83–2.23 cm [25]

Stance/swing time

ICC = .87–.96 [25, 29]

MDC95 = .03–.06 s [25]

Cadence

ICC = .88–.91 [25, 29]

MDC95 = 7.64–8.13 steps/min [25]

Instrumented gait analysis (GAITRite®, comfortable pace, dual task) [46]

N/A

Modified 30-s chair-stand test [20, 55]

ICC = .79–.88 [20]

SEM = .83–1.52 repetitions [20]

MDC95 = 2.30–4.21 repetitions [20]

Short Physical Performance Battery [63]

ICC = .88 [28]

Physical Performance Test [53]

ICC = .90 [30]

2-min walk test [61]

N/A

6-min walk test [62]

ICC = .75–.99 [21, 23]b

SEM = 19.57–21.86 m [21]c

MDC95 = 39.76 m [21]c

  1. ICC intraclass correlation coefficient, SEM standard error of measurement, MDC95 minimal detectable change with 95% confidence interval
  2. aBetween-day test-retest reliability, if not otherwise indicated
  3. bBetween-day and within-day test-retest reliability
  4. cWithin-day test-retest reliability