Effects of resistance training on self-reported disability in older adults with functional limitations or disability – a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 6 Results from meta-regressions

Covariate	Coeffi-cient	Standard error	95% lower CI	95% upper CI	t-value	p-value	Adj.R²%	I² res., %	N
Participant characteristics
Mean age (years, continuous)	0.088	0.03	0.01	0.16	2.51	0.027	43.7	64.8	14
Gait speed at baseline (< 0.8 / ≥0.8 m*s⁻¹)	0.679	0.43	−0.27	1.63	1.58	0.143	13.4	75.6	13
Resistance training program modality
Program duration (weeks, continuous)	−0.074	0.03	−0.14	−0.01	−2.62	0.024	65.1	44.9	13
^aWork load intensity (% 1RM, continuous)	−0.019	0.01	−0.05	0.01	−1.61	0.134	18.2	68.6	14
Resistance training effects on
Knee-extensor strength (SMD)	0.341	0.24	−0.22	0.91	1.43	0.196	18.1	78.1	9
Lower body functional capacity (SMD)	0.772	0.13	0.49	1.06	6.06	< 0.001	99.2	0.0	12
Gait capacity (SMD)	0.365	0.23	−0.17	0.90	1.61	0.152	57.5	32.9	9

^aFor the load intensity covariate two studies [17, 45] are represented by two intervention groups that exercised at different intensities
SMD standardised mean difference from random effects model using Hedges’ g

ISSN: 1861-6909