Effectiveness of a resistance training program on physical function, muscle strength, and body composition in community-dwelling older adults receiving home care: a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of participants

Characteristics	RTG (n = 64)	CG (n = 43)	ICC
Age (years) median (IQR)	86.5 (80–90)	86.0 (80–90)
Sex
Female n (%)	42 (66)	22 (51)
Use of walking aids n (%)*	33 (52)	31 (72)
Height (cm) mean (SD)	160 (9)	164 (9)
Body mass (kg) median (IQR)	66.5 (55.5–79.5)^a	70.4 (62.4–80.2)^b
Body Mass Index (kg/m²) median (IQR)	25.1 (23.6–28.1)^a	27.0 (23.7–30.3)^b	0.00
Fat mass (%) median (IQR)	29.5 (24.4–37.4)^c	30.4 (23.4–38.2)^d	0.05
Fat free mass (kg) median (IQR)	42.9 (37.5–55.3)^e	51.3 (43.2–61.2)^f	0.02
Chair rise (s) median (IQR)	16.0 (12.7–20.7)^a	19.3 (16.9–24.3)^g	0.01
8 ft. up and go (s) median (IQR)	11.9 (8.5–18.6)^h	16.0 (10.7–19.7)ⁱ	0.07
Stair walk (s) median (IQR)	18.8 (12.7–29.3)^j	23.1 (19.0–33.6)^k	0.00
Preferred gait speed (m/s) mean (SD)	0.78 (0.28)^a	0.66 (0.18)^l	0.07
Maximal gait speed (m/s) mean (SD)	1.1 (0.43)^a	0.9 (0.28)^l	0.06
Leg MVC (N) mean (SD)	185 (82)^a	175 (67)^g	0.00
Leg MVC relative (N/kg) mean (SD)	2.8 (1.0)^h	2.3 (0.8)^m	0.00
Leg RFD (N/s) mean (SD)	406 (323)^a	447 (279)^g	0.10
Grip strength (kg) mean (SD)	25.4 (8.1)	28.0 (7.8)^g	0.00

RTG Resistance training group, CG Control group, ICC Intra cluster correlation, MVC Maximal voluntary isometric contraction, RFD Rate of force development, IQR Interquartile range 25- to 75 percentile, SD Standard deviation, N Newton
*Includes walker or crutches. One participant in CG with missing data
^an = 63 ^bn = 40 ^cn = 59 ^dn = 36 ^en = 58 ^fn = 31 ^gn = 42 ^hn = 62 ⁱn = 41 ^jn = 55 ^kn = 20 ^ln = 41 ^mn = 39

ISSN: 1861-6909