Effectiveness and sustainability of a motor-cognitive stepping exergame training on stepping performance in older adults: a randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Participant characteristics

Characteristics	IG (n = 29)	CG (n = 29)	P-value
Age, years	79.0 ± 5.9	77.6 ± 7.1	0.412^a
Gender, females	27 (93.1)	27 (93.1)	> 0.999^b
Education, years	12.5 [11.0–15.0]	13.0 [10.0–15.0]	0.778^c
Mini Mental State Examination, score	27.5 ± 1.8	28.5 ± 1.4	0.017 ^a
Body-Mass-Index, kg/m²	27.5 ± 5.2	26.2 ± 5.0	0.360 ^a
Medication, n	4.8 ± 2.9	5.2 ± 4.1	0.711 ^a
Falls Efficacy Scale-International, score	8.6 ± 2.4	8.5 ± 2.3	0.886 ^a
Recent history of falls, n	2 (6.9)	6 (21.4)	0.114^b
Short Physical Performance Battery, score	9.45 ± 2.41	10.31 ± 1.76	0.127^a
12-item Short Form Health Survey, score
Physical component	39.8 ± 2.2	41.0 ± 1.6	0.065^a
Mental component	53.2 ± 1.5	54.8 ± 1.4	0.486^a

Data given as mean ± SD, frequency (%), or median [IQR]. IG intervention group, CG control group, n = number of participants, p-values given for ^at-tests, ^bchi-square and ^cMann-Whitney-U-tests to test for differences between IG and CG; ^d based on n = 57 due to missing data for one participant.

ISSN: 1861-6909