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Table 3 Summary of the interventions

From: The effects of interventions to enhance cognitive and physical functions in older people with cognitive frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study Profile

Intervention Components

No

Author

Year

Type

Material used

Provider

Mode of delivery

Tailoring

Dosage (C: course; F: frequency (per wk); D: duration)

1

Liu et al

2018

PA (multi-component exercised)

Health education

Chair

Weight-bearing device

Not mentioned

Individual training

Physical fitness

(RPEe)

C:24 months

F:5–6 (2 centre visits & 3–4 home based visits)

D:55 min

2

Yoon

2018

PA (strengthening exercise)

Elastic band

Exercise specialists

Individual training

Physical fitness

(RPEe)

C:16 wks

F:3

D:Not specified

3

Furtado

2020

PA (strengthening exercisea)

Chair

Elastic band

Exercise specialists

Group class

Physical fitness, (HRmax)

C:28 wks

F:2–3

D:Not specified

4

Lee

2020

PA (high-speed power exercise)

Elastic band

Exercise specialists

Group class

Physical fitness

(RPEe)

C:8 wks

F:3

D:Not specified

5

Kwan

2021

PA (brisk walking)

Behavioural intervention

Technology device

Non specialist

Individual training

Physical fitness (baseline level of fitness)

C:12 wks

F:3–10b

D:Not specified

6

Chen

2021

PA (multi-component exercise)

Weight-bearing device

Exercise specialists

Group class

Physical fitness (baseline level of fitness)

C:12 wks

F:3

D:30 min

7

Jiayuan

2021

Mind–body intervention

PA (multi-component exercise)

No materials needed

Exercise specialists

Group class

No

C:6 months

F:2

D:60 min

8

Mrurkesu

2021

PA (multi-component exercisec)

Nutrition education

Cognitive training

Psychosocial support

Ball (for exercise)

Cognitive challenge worksheet

Exercise specialist

Group class

No

C:12 wks

F:2

D:Not specified

 

Kwan

2021

PA (cycling)

Cognitive training

VR

Technological device

Cycle

Non specialist

Individual training

Physical performance in previous session

C:8 wks

F:2

D:30 min

  1. a 2 groups of chair-based exercises: a chair elastic band muscle strength exercise and a chair multimodal exercise
  2. b Sessions/week depend on the baseline fitness, each session is present as a 10-min brisk walking session
  3. c A multi-component exercise that includes progressive resistance training, aerobic, balance, and flexibility training
  4. d Programme included strength, balance, and flexibility training activities
  5. e Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion