Study | Groups | Difference between groups | GRADE | |
---|---|---|---|---|
IG | CG | IG-CG | ||
Joint and muscle function (Knee ROM, flexion, in °) |  |  |  | Very Low |
 Anneli (2017) [32] | 150 | 120 | 30 (+ 25%) | |
 Bade (2017) [33] | 126 | 126 | 0 (0%) | |
 Codine (2004)a [37] | 22.32 | 6.25 | 16.07 (+ 257%) | |
 Eisermann (2004)a [38] | 10.4 | 9.4 | 1(+ 10%) | |
 Frost (2002) [39] | 102 | 102 | 0 (0%) | |
 Han (2015) [40] | 96.8 | 95.7 | 1.1 (+ 1%) | |
 Jacksteit (2021) [44] | 113.77 | 110.33 | 3.44 (+ 3%) | |
 Liao, Chiu (2020)a [48] | 28.08 | 20.58 | 7.5 (+ 36%) | |
 Li (2019) [52] | 112.1 | 110 | 2.1 (+ 2%) | |
 Mockford (2008) [54] | 107.9 | 106.6 | 1.3 (+ 1%) | |
 Sano (2018) [59] | 119.1 | 121.1 | 2 (+ 2%) | |
 Schache (2019) [60] | 120 | 117 | 3 (3%) | |
 Teissier (2020) [62] | 18 | 10 | 8 (80%) | |
 Vuorenmaa (2014) [64] | 14.4 | 14.2 | 0.2 (+ 1%) | |
 Functional performance (TUG)b |  |  |  | Very low |
 Bade (2017) [33] | 17.20 | 16.41 | 0.79 (+ 5%) | |
 Hardt (2018) [41] | 12.1 | 17.8 | -5.7 (-32%) | |
 Jacksteit (2021) [44] | 8.82 | 10.18 | -1.36 (-13%) | |
 Liao, Tsauo (2020) [51] | 9.13 | 12.32 | -3.19 (-26%) | |
 Roig-Casasús (2018) [58] | 14.4 | 17.3 | -2.9 (-17%) | |
 Sano (2018) [59] | 10.44 | 12.22 | -1.78 (-15%) | |
 Schache (2019) [60] | 8 | 8 | 0 (0%) | |
 Vuorenmaa (2014) [64] | -1.58 | -0.43 | -1.15 (-73%) | |
 Participation (WOMAC, pain)b |  |  |  | Very low |
 Han (2015) [40] | 7.2 | 7.4 | -0.2 (-3%) | |
 Lenssen (2006) [47] | 9.2 | 8.3 | 0.9 (+ 10%) | |
 Liao (2015) [49] | 22.4 | 22.4 | 0 (0%) | |
 Liao, Chiu (2020)a [48] | -6.95 | -5.55 | 1.4 (20%) | |
 Liao, Tsauo (2020) [51] | 9.1 | 9.3 | -0.2 (-2%) | |
 Li (2019) [52] | 9.1 | 9.3 | -0.2 (-2%) | |
 Moffet (2004) [55] | 9.4 | 11.8 | -2.4 (-26%) | |
 Piva (2010)a [56] | -30 | -27 | 3 (+ 10%) | |
 Vuorenmaa (2014)a [64] | -15 | -14 | 1 (+ 7%) |