Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the study population (n = 8487) by systolic blood pressure (SBP) trajectories

Total study population, No. (%)

3 383 (39.9)

4 293 (50.6)

811 (9.6)

0 (0)

8 487 (100)

Sex, No. (%)

0 (0)

Women

2 065 (61.0)

2 187 (50.9)

461 (56.8)

4 713 (55.5)

Age^a, mean (SD)

44.2 (6.1)

44.9 (6.5)

46.8 (7.6)

0 (0)

44.8 (6.5)

Education^a, No. (%)

121 (1.4)

 i. primary

1 430 (43.0)

2 050 (48.4)

469 (58.5)

3 949 (47.2)

 ii. high school

1 234 (37.1)

1 470 (34.7)

256 (31.9)

2 960 (35.4)

 iii. college/university <  = 4 years

364 (10.9)

408 (9.6)

46 (5.7)

818 (9.8)

 iv. college/university > 4 years

301 (9.0)

307 (7.3)

31 (3.9)

639 (7.6)

Marital status^a, No. (%)

12 (0.1)

Married

3 066 (90.8)

3 849 (89.7)

711 (87.9)

7 626 (90.0)

Physical activity level, No. (%)

1 994 (23.5)

 i. stable high

81 (3.1)

76 (2.3)

17 (2.9)

174 (2.7)

 ii. low to high

388 (14.7)

414 (12.7)

68 (11.6)

870 (13.4)

 iii. high to low

91 (3.4)

109 (3.4)

21 (3.6)

221 (3.4)

 iv. stable low

2 089 (78.9)

2 659 (81.6)

480 (81.9)

5 228 (80.5)

BMI^a, mean (SD), kg/m²

24.0 (2.9)

25.2 (3.3)

25.9 (3.8)

40 (0.5)

24.8 (3.3)

ADI-4^a, z-score (SD)

0.004 (3.06)

-0.036 (3.05)

0.137 (3.05)

1 377 (16.2)

-0.003 (3.06)

Smoking^a, No. (%)

1 114 (13.1)

 i. never

1 278 (43.9)

1 780 (47.6)

378 (52.1)

3 436 (46.6)

 ii. previous daily smoker

815 (28.0)

1 090 (29.2)

193 (26.6)

2 098 (28.5)

 iii. daily smoker

818 (28.1)

867 (23.2)

154 (21.2)

1 839 (24.9)

Alcohol use frequency last 14 days^a, No. (%)

1 171 (13.8)

 i. never

230 (8.0)

316 (8.5)

80 (11.2)

626 (8.6)

 ii. not last 14 days

1 190 (41.2)

1 551 (41.8)

313 (43.7)

3 054 (41.7)

 iii. 1–4 times

1 285 (44.5)

1 626 (43.8)

284 (39.7)

3 195 (43.7)

 iv >  = 5 times

184 (6.4)

218 (5.9)

39 (5.5)

441 (6.0)

Diabetes^a, No. (%)

13 (0.4)

16 (0.4)

11 (1.4)

5 (0.1)

40 (0.5)

Blood pressure medication^a, No. (%)

51 (1.5)

240 (5.6)

114 (14.1)

1 (0.01)

405 (4.8)

APOE ε4 carrier, No. (%)

989 (29.4)

1 285 (30.2)

252 (31.5)

60 (0.7)

2 526 (30.0)