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Fig. 1 | European Review of Aging and Physical Activity

Fig. 1

From: Effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) with resistance exercise on musculoskeletal health in older adults: a narrative review

Fig. 1

AKT-mTOR signalling pathways in skeletal muscle for protein synthesis. Red “+” sign indicates hyperphosphorylation of protein at baseline with aging. 4E-BP1: 4E binding protein 1; AKT: protein kinase B; eEF2: Eukaryotic elongation factor 2; eIF2Bε: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E; ERK/MAPK: extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase; IGF-I: insulin-like growth factor 1; IRS: insulin receptor substrate; MnK1: mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase 1; mTORC1/2: mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/2; PI3K: phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase; PIP3: phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate; REDD1: regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1; Rheb: ras-homolog enriched in brain; rpS6: ribosomal protein S6 (S6); S6K1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (p70S6 kinase 1); TSC: tuberous sclerosis complex

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European Review of Aging and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1861-6909

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